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The Courts of Appeals (also called the circuit courts) are made up of 13 circuits. Decisions handed down by a Court of Appeals are binding on all states in that circuit.
The Senate has not moved on one of President Obama's pro-choice nominess, Judge David Hamilton.
Right-wing strategists have long recognized the importance of lower court judges, and have for more than 20 years actively attempted to pack the courts with conservative ideologues. Studies show that judges nominated by anti-choice presidents are far more likely to issue anti-choice rulings. Ten of the 13 Courts of Appeals have a majority of judges appointed by anti-choice presidents, and none of President Bush's nominees to the federal Courts of Appeals has publicly endorsed the legal foundation of Roe v. Wade.
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